雅思寫作絕招之三--大作文常見論點總結

  考生們都知道雅思考官在評判一篇大作文時，除了看文章的結構和語言之外，還很重視這篇文章的主體內容。而考生在寫essay時常見的一個問題恰恰是考前準備了語言，臨場讀懂了題目，很快形成了觀點，但是卻不知該從哪些角度來支援自己的thesis statement。所以主體段落觀點單調，思維陳舊，內容空洞，爲達到字數而把一個觀點寫了再寫等問題常常會充斥在文章的body part。這極大地影響了考生的作文成績。在此，我們老師將多年積累的雅思大作文常見論點總結爲一首打油詩，以饗讀者。

　　論文觀點角度多；

　　科技經濟常切磋；

　　肉體靈魂不放過；

　　權利平等要把握；

　　個人國家多權衡；

　　文化道德思路擴；

　　結合話題多思索；

　　主體論證不難說。

一、科技和經濟

　　在雅思論文主體部分寫作中，科技角度是使用頻率最高的角度。絕大多數作文的話題都可以從科技發展對人的生活帶來的影響這個角度來加以分析。例如：

　　討論是否將動物用於科學實驗：

　　Some scientists claim that experiments carried out on animals would be crucial for potential breakthroughs in treating some of the most-feared incurable diseases.

　　討論社會道德下滑：

　　Development of science and technology has given birth to materialism and capitalism which favor the research for economic growth and freedom of men. Consequently, no spiritual, moral, and traditional values are taken into account.

　　壓力大的原因：

　　The rapid development of science and technology makes work today more demanding than it used to be.

　　親情淡漠的原因：

　　The availability of a great variety of high-tech recreational facilities also diverts people from enjoying chats with the members of their families.

　　環保全球化的原因：

　　Developing countries lack sufficient numbers of qualified scientists and other skilled personnel to cope with the increasingly serious environmental problems, such as the ozone depletion, the marine pollution and the like.

　　如果說科技的發展是人類社會進步的助推器，那麽經濟的影響就是社會前進的方向標。經濟的強弱通常會導致某一現象的出現或某種結果的産生。比如在討論什麽是最偉大的發明時，考生可能想到電話。那麽如何來支援這一觀點呢？試看下面的句子：

　　The development of the telephone created a new market for the employment of women. The position of telephone operators was most often filled by women, creating a new world of opportunities for females to struggle for the equal rights to males.

　　通過說明電話的發明使女性獲得工作更多的工作機會，從而在經濟是更加獨力，這對於她們爭取平等的權利起到了巨大的推動作用。

二、肉體和靈魂

　　雅思大作文常會出一些有關科技發明或娛樂方式的利與弊話題。那麽不管是寫好處還是壞處，考生應該從該發明或娛樂對人的肉體和靈魂這兩方面去組織自己的分支觀點。比如電腦對肉體的影響：

　　You don’t have to be a scientist to see that, due to overuse of the computer, a lot of kids get little exercise, which makes them obese.

　　Another common disadvantage is that playing too much on the computer can cause bad eyesight.

　　發明或娛樂對肉體的影響主要表現在削弱勢力和增加肥胖兩個方面，而其對靈魂的影響則涉及一下多個方面。

　　1.高頻率的資訊切換影響孩子們的耐性。

　　There is not deny in that with the advent of technology, our patience grows thin.

　　2.媒體中的暴力節目扭曲孩子們的靈魂。

　　Media violence affects children by: increasing aggressiveness and anti-social behavior; intensifying their fear of becoming victims; making them less sensitive to violence and to victims of violence; encouraging their appetite for more violence in entertainment and in real life.

　　3.對媒體過多關注使孩子們變的孤僻而脫離現實生活。

　　For lack of face-to-face contact, modern children tend to be more introverted, unsocial, isolated and indifferent than those kids in last century.

三、權利和平等

　　四方的文化在一定程度上可以濃縮爲：權利、平等和自由。考生在人們該不該做什麽事情或行爲的時候應該多從這個方面去說服考官。

　　如果寫到動物的保護問題時，可以說：Animals are not created for humans any more than women are created for men, black for white.

　　在寫到政府是否該花錢來發展武器時，可以說：There is no doubt that the advancement of military technologies is one of the greatest dangers to all human rights, including the most basic right to life itself.

　　在寫到環境的重要性時，可以說：

　　All human beings have the fundamental right to an environment adequate for their health and well-being.

　　在寫到小孩子是否應該對自己犯的罪負責時，可以說：

　　When someone turns 18, he or she should be tried as an adult because they have adult rights. Children, however, do not have the same rights as adults do. Then, if a five-year-old child killing someone has been sentenced the death penalty, the trial that determines whether or not someone should be tried as an adult are absurd.

　　在寫到傳統的西方道德中對私有財産的尊重時，可以說：

　　Respect for property is no less important than respect for person. Indeed, respect for property is one species of respect for person. Property is the stuff of personal independence. It is, therefore, an economic foundation of freedom. A society in which respect for property diminishes is one in which freedom diminishes.

四、個人國家

　　有時候，一個現象或問題的出現是由於個人的努力和汗水或個人的疏忽，以及社會國家重視或政府的政策不恰當而導致的。例如：

　　運動員是否應該拿高薪：

　　Athletes sweat and sacrifice physically and psychologically more than the average people, which can justify their high salary.

　　青少年犯罪的原因：

　　Young people’s inexperience and gullibility easily lead then into traps. (個人的原因)

　　The government failing to establish supporting system to offer help to adolescents can explain this social issue. (國家的原因)

　　在男女平等的意義上使用個人和國家的分析角度也是很有效的：

　　Every woman is worthy to be respected, educated, and safe from exploitation. It is our responsibility and right to pray, promote, and protect the human and divine rights of all. The world’s stability and prosperity depend on it.

　　The full and equal participation of women in all spheres of life is essential to social and economic development, the abolition of war, and the ultimate establishment of a united world.

五、文化和道德

    文化和道德本來就是雅四大作文中較難的兩個話題，而近來這兩個話題考的頻率又很高。考生不防也從這兩個角度來準備一下主體段落的觀點。

    反對強勢文化入侵：

    Globalization might undermine cultural diversity. Multinational corporations promote a certain kind of consumerist culture, in which standard commodities, promoted by global marketing campaigns exploiting basic material desires, create similar lifestyles, which is so-called Coca-Colanization.

　　該不該撒謊：

　　The dishonest practice of telling lies will produce a perverse impact on one’s personality.

　　總之，在大作文的主體段落寫作過程中，考生可以將以上的思路結合題目的特點綜合應用，切忌生搬硬套。平時在讀文章時也要多總結別人的觀點角度，而後爲我所用。這樣定能讓你逐漸形成西方的思維習慣，在考試中能才思泉湧，下筆有神。